Incretin
Incretins (GLP-1 and GIP)
- functions
- regulation of expression
- consequences of overexpression
- consequences of underexpression
- clinical uses
- signalling pathways
- structure
Function
pancreas: glucose-dependent insulin secretion and decreased glucagon secretion
- increased beta cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis
muscle and adipose tissue: increased insulin sensitivity, leading to increased glucose uptake and storage
heart: cardioprotection and increased cardiac output
liver: decreased glucose production
brain: increased neuroprotection and decreased appetite
stomach: delay gastic emptying - increased satiety and weight loss
Regulation of Expression
Released from GI tract in respose to...
DPP-IV degrades GLP-1; inhibiting it increases incretin action
Consequences of Overexpression
Consequences of Underexpression
Clinical Uses
Incretin analogues, as well as DPP-IV inhibitors, are used as hypoglycemic agents for treatment of diabetes
Signalling Pathways
Structure