Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
last authored: October 2009, David LaPierre
last reviewed:
Introduction
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is the unexpected death of an infant < 1 year old, in which the cause of death cannot be determined.
It occurs in 0.5/1000 infants, with a slightly higher incidence in males.
Peak incidence is 2-4 months in term infants; 95% of cases ocur by 6 months.
Most deaths occur between 12-8 AM.
The Case of...
a simple case introducing clincial presentation and calling for a differential diagnosis. To get students thinking.
Causes and Risk Factors
SIDS is more common in children placed on their stomachs during sleep.
There is an increase in deaths during RSV season.
Other risk factors include:
- sleeping on back (can cause plagiocephaly and motor delay)
- soft matress
- prematurity
- smoking in household
- minorities
- low SES
- siblings who have died of SIDS
Pathophysiology
Differential Diagnosis
Ensure child abuse is not likely.
Prevention
back to sleep, front to play
Place infant on back while sleeping
Alarms and monitors do not help and can be anxiogenic for parents
Avoid overheating and overdressing
Ensure appropriate bedding
Avoid smoking
Soothers may prevent
Consequences and Course
Resources and References
Topic Development
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reviewers:
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