- mind and being home
- signs and symptoms
- conditions and disorders
- mental health assessment
- psychotherapy
- psychotropics
Mind & Being Links
Autism Spectrum Disorder
- causes and risk factors
- signs, symptoms, and diagnosis
- pathophysiology
- treatments
- consequences and course
- the patient
- health care team
- community involvement
- resources and references
Causes and Risk Factors
Signs, Symptoms, and Diagnosis
There is a triad of symptoms in autism.
social interaction impairments
- marked impairment in multiple nonverbal behaviour
- failure to develop peer relationships
- markedly impaired expression of pleasure in other people's happiness
- lack of social or emotional reciprocity
communication interaction impairments
- delay in/lack of spoken language, not compensated for by mime, gestures, etc
- if adequate speech, marked impairment to iniate or sustain conversation
- stereotyped, repetitive use of language
- lack of spontaneous make-belief play or social imitative play
repetitive, restrictive, or stereotyped behaviours
- encompassing preoccupation with special interests abnormal in intensity or focus
- compulsive adherence to non-functional routines or rituals
- stereotyped motor mannerisms
- persistent preocupation with parts of objects
decision-making
Pathophysiology
Genetic and Chromosomal Abnormalities
18% of people with fragile X have autism, while 5% of people with autism have fragile X. Other chromosomal abnormalities are seen in 5% of people with autism.
The 5-HT transporter or receptor gene appears affected in some people.
Metabolism
PKU, histidinemia, Lesch Nyhan Syndrome
Infections
rubella, CMV, herpes simplex, HIV
Treatments
Consequences and Course
The Patient
Health Care Team
Community Involvement