Coxasackieviruses and Echoviruses
These viruses are enteroviruses
- epidemiology
- classification and characteristics
- transmission and infection
- pathogenicity and virulence
- clinical manifestations
- diagnosis
- treatment
Epidemiology
- Infections occur from June-October
Classification and Characteristics
- members of picornavirus family
Transmission and Infection
- fecal-oral
Pathogenicity and Virulence
Clinical Manifesations
- 50-80% of infections are asymptomatic
- can cause rash
- common cause of meningitis, myocarditis
hand, foot, and mouth disease
Hand, foot, and mouth disease occurs most frequently in late summer or early fall, in children under 10.
Most commonly, sudden onset of fever, pharyngitis, headache, abdominal pain, and vomiting.
Small vesicles rupture and ulcerate on the soft palate, tonsils, and pharynx.
Pale gray ulcers with surrounding erythema, several mm in diameter, may appear on the hands and feet.
Diagnosis
- virus isolation
- antibody detection not useful due to many serotypes out there
Treatment