Testosterone
Norepinephrine (NE)
- functions
- regulation of expression
- consequences of overexpression
- consequences of underexpression
- signalling pathways
- structure
Function
Testosterone produced by the fetal testes is responsible for the development of the male genitalia and then declines to close to 0 until puberty.
During puberty, release of LH from the anterior pituitary stimulates the testes to begin testosterone production again.
Testosterone regulates the development and normal functioning of sperm, the male reproductive organs, and the male sex drive. It is also contributes to muscle and bone growth during puberty.
Regulation of Expression
- cells that express:
- tissue distribution:
- temporal expression:
Consequences of Overexpression
Overexpression of PRL (hyperprolactinemia) can lead to galactorrhea
Consequences of Underexpression
Signalling Pathways
Both PRL and GH have similiar affinities for the PRL receptor.
Structure
Prolactin is a 199 amino acid hormone with 16% homology to growth hormone.