Glaucoma
Introduction
Causes and Risk Factors
Medications, changes in light
Most common in middle-aged or seniors who are far-sighted.
Pupillary dilation
Pathophysiology
Acute glaucoma is associated with increased intraocular pressure following obstruction of the outflow of aqueous humor. This is most often due to a narrowed anterior chamber.
a narrowing
Optic neuropathy due to . Canals of schlemm
Signs and Symptoms
Can have tremendously variable and confusing presentation; it should be on the differential for anyone with a red eye or
- history
- physical exam
History
Acute glaucoma can cause severe headache, characterized by throbbing.
vision changes, often with halo
nausea and vomiting
Physical Exam
injected, classically in a peri-limbic pattern
hazy cornea
fixed, dilated pupil
gentle palpation reveals hard eye
Investigations
Measure intraocular pressure (normal is less than 20-30)
- lab investigations
- diagnostic imaging
Lab Investigations
Diagnostic Imaging
Differential Diagnosis
Treatments
Pilocarpine, a miotic drop, can be used to constrict the pupil and relieve pressure by allowing aqueous outflow.
Consequences and Course
Clinical Vignette 1
A person takes this treatment for this reason due to concerns re: condition
This happens.
How do you respond?
Clinical Vignette 2
Additional Resources
Topic Development
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