Gynecological Imaging


Pelvic Ultrasound

Pelvic ultrasound can provide valuable imaging of the genital tract, particularly to differentiate cystic, benign, and malignant structures. It can be done transvaginally or transabdominally through a full bladder.


Colposcopy

A colposcope is a microscope used at low power to examine the cervix and the vagina, usually following an abnormal Pap test and when suspecting cervical dysplasia or carcinoma. A speculum is used to open the vagina,  and the colposcope is inserted and adjusted to bring suspicious areas into focus. 

 

Laparoscopy

A laproscope can be used to visualize the abdomen through a small incision under the umbilicus. It is often used during surgery, but can simply be a diagnostic tool as well. It is indicated in cases of infirtility, chronic pelvic pain, and to investigate ectopic pregnancy. Risks are small but include infection and reaction to general anesthetic. 



Hysteroscopy

Hysteroscopy is the visualization of the internal uterus through a fibreoptic scope inserted through the cervix. Diagnosis of menstrual disorders or neoplasm is frequently sought, and a hysteroscope can also be used to remove endometrial polyps, fibroids, or uterine septae.



Hysterosalpingography

Hysterosalpingography is the injection of radio-opaque solution through the cervix and uterus and the visualization of its transit through the Fallopian tubes with X-ray. It is often used in cases of infertility.

 

 

Sonohysterography

Sonohysterography (SHG) is an ultrasound visualization of the uterus and fallopian tubes following its filling with saline. It is cheap, easy, and well-tolerated. It can be used in the investigation of: